Update on Battery LIfe Issue
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I, like others here, spent a TON of time trying to troubleshoot this battery life issue, which started when I upgraded to 10.8. For me, it improved slightly with 10.8.1 (because I think they addressed a fan issue) and degraded again with 10.8.2. Unable to solve the problem, I reverted back to Lion, 10.7.5, which improved my battery life (as well as resolved two other 10.8 issues – music stuttering and screen blanking). I have now upgraded to 10.8.3 and I am happy to report that my initial observations look promising. Apple addressed the music problem (and even mentioned it in their release notes), and I do not seem to have the screen blanking problem. At 95% remaining, I would say that battery life seems comporable to what I experienced with 10.7.5. No improvement, but no decrease either. This is interesting because the current usage "seems" a bit lower under ML than under Lion.
What I am really looking at is the current usage, which right now is around 860 mAh. So, I can take that, divide it by my remaining battery capacity and come up with my own time estimate. (For those you helped with some earlier testing, you'll know that this mAh, 800 to 900 value, is decent because some people reported numbers in the 1200 to 1400 mAh range. So, Apple did fix a power consumption problem with this release, which does explain the longer battery life – at least in my case.
I have not drained the battery sufficiently to know if the battery health issue – where by the capacity continued to decrease at a rapid rate – has been fixed. I will only know that after I've cycled the battery a few times.
This fix, along with the potential battery health fix (to be confirmed), "suggests" that the problem was in the software, configuration, and/or firmware and is not necessarily indicative of a defective battery.
Some people are still experiencing a problem. It could be one of several things. If your battery life did not increased, or decreased, with the 10.8.3 upgrade, please take a look at your batteries current maximum capacity in relationship to its original max capacity. It is possible that if you remained on 10.8.x (prior to 10.8.3) that battery health was adversely affected. Depending on the value, (e.g., <80% of original capacity) you might have to get that replaced. If your battery health is still good, then check your average current (mAh) usage. If that is still over 1000 mAh and you're not doing anything to tax the computer, then something is still wrong. It could also mean that the there are multiple issues at play and that they all haven't been solved. Or perhaps there is a piece of software on your machine that is causing the current draw.
If you confirm that your battery capacity is still close to original capacity, then perhaps you can try to clean some cache files (e.g., using Oynx) and/or reinstalling 10.8.3 using the Combo file. http://support.apple.com/kb/DL1640
Hope this helps