iCloud not syncing from iPhone.
When I add an event to the calendar in my iPhone 5, it does not appear in iCloud or on my MacBook Pro. However, when I enter an event into iCloud, it does appear on my iPhone.
iPhone 5, iOS 6
You might want to consider starting a new discussion. Since this one is a couple of years old, less people are likely to look at it. A new post would be much more visible. You can link to this one.
Try Settings/iCloud and slide off syncing. Wait a few minutes and then resync.
Have you tried signing out of iCloud and then sign back in?