Christopher,
All the info for books, slideshows, albums, etc is all in the data files. You are correct that this makes it hard to transfer from one Mac to another, but this is the way that it is. Can you imagine how the size of your library folder in the Finder would expand if you had a separate file for each slideshow, book, album, etc. The separate file would have to include all the images and transitions and music.
This is why the completed slideshow, book, etc. is assembled when you export them to share.
There is a way:
Duplicate your iPhoto Library folder
Launch iPhoto with the Option key held down until you ge the message screen
Choose another library to open
Navigate to the duplicate library and highlight it, then click open
You should see your slideshow in the source column.
Highlight the slideshow
To put the slideshow photos into an album
Go to Edit>select all
Go to Photos>My rating and give them all a rating of either 1,2,3,4, or 5 stars, to help you find these photos in the library to make an album from them
or
go to Photos>Batch change and change the "title" to "text" and give them all the name of the slideshow.
Once the titles have changed you can go to the library and do a search for that title and select all the photos and put them in an album.
Now you have to delete all the photos from the library that are not in that album so you are left with just the slideshow/album photos.
Make sure you empty iPhoto's trash often when deleting all the photos.
when done you can close iPhoto and copy this iPhoto Library folder to the other Mac.
On the other Mac, the person has to Option launch iPhoto and choose that library to open. Your slideshow should be there and it should play , but since I have never done it I can't tell you for sure.
You might have to do a "get info" on that library folder and change the permissions to the new owner of that computer, then hit the "apply to enclosed items" button.