I haven't read all 45 pages of this thread, but what I did read made me think there are some questions concerning how many computers this is happening to, and which ones. Otherwise I wouldn't have posted -- and wonder how many are like me.
My new MacBook Air (purchased in November) is having this blackout problem from time to time -- maybe 2-3 times a week only. It's an 11" MBA and I have not installed Chrome. I do not know if the problem would have happened prior to Mavericks as I updated the day I received the laptop. I almost always am using my MBA without the power cord attached.*
Possibly related, occasionally (less often than the 2-5 second black screen) when my MBA has gone to sleep, I can't get it to wake up. It's completely unresponsive until I force a shutdown by holding the power key for several seconds.
Also, I'm having lots of problems with Wi-fi and Bluetooth once the computer wakes from sleep. If both are set to on when the computer goes to sleep, the computer won't find my wireless signal for a while -- and even then, I have to manually tell it to connect. If Bluetooth was off, Wi-fi works fine. But then sometimes Bluetooth won't come on again once the computer wakes -- until I restart the computer. This problem is way more frustrating to me than the black screen stuff, as it affects me all the time (and for more than 3 or 4 seconds each time).
[*I live in Tanzania, Africa, and our electricity is very irregular. So much of the time I can't plug the computer in. This is one of the primary reasons I bought a Macbook Air -- for the battery life. It will really frustrate me if the MBA only works well while plugged in.]
I'd like to ask for advice. As I said, I live in Africa; getting to an Apple Store is quite a task. I don't think we have an official Apple store in Tanzania, but if we do it's in Dar es Salaam, which is an 18+ hour drive. Should I be concerned and trying to find a way to exchange my MBA for a new one? Or should I trust this will be fixed in a later update? What I don't want to happen is that I miss my opportunity to exchange the computer while under warranty because I live far away. [So I'd have to start asking other people traveling to the US if they could take my computer back for me or something?] Can someone advise me?