ns, I appreciate the insight. This is my first problem post-warranty and the threads have made this a less scary experience. Full of helpful people and resources and I hope it stays that way.
As promised, I'm giving an update to my case. I'm typing this up on my phone and I'm trying to include important details so forgive me if this is hard to read.
I called on Monday and they advised me to go to the Apple Store to verify the SSD has failed. Tuesday, I went to the Apple Store and they verified the SSD failed (they couldn't get a reading on their diagnostic device amongst other things). The store representative gave me a quote. I asked if there was anything they could do to help me and he said that he is only able to diagnose and give a quote, and another advised me to just call AppleCare again to see if they could do anything and so I did today. I explained what happened and asked if they provide an educational discount or anything that could help me as I was a student. The phone representative said she couldn't find educational discounts for repairs and advised me to check out Apple authorized repair shops for a cheaper repair price. I told her that the store recommended I called AppleCare to see if anything could be done and I asked if there was anyone I can speak to. I got transferred to a higher up. He looked at my repair history and said my SSD was replaced in October last year and he was willing to do an exception since it failed within a year. I knew he was trying to help me because I remember reading Apple repairs only have a 30 or 90 day warranty.
I did mention the firmware update and he says that he doesn't know any firmware that would break equipment. It would only cause problems with component communications.
I also did not ask him if this was a widespread problem. If it was he did not mention it. But I have noticed the people who say their stores have had a lot of SSD failure cases coming in are stores overseas, non-USA. Just an observation but I might be wrong.