I upgraded to Mavericks and I was unable to install fonts (primarily being the Postscript fonts with separate suitcase files). Here are 2 options that worked for me:
Solution #1 ($99): Purchase a font converter program (Such as FontXChange) and convert all your fonts to Open Type. I was able to add those to my FontBook without problem. I tried it with the free demo to see if it would work, but you have to purchase the license for $99 to use it, as it randomly puts letters upside-down in the demo mode. But the demo mode will verify if that solution will work for you.
Solution #2 (Free): Add the font through FontBook (I added the font/font family in the "all fonts" collection.) At this point, the font may not show up in FontBook. If it shows up, then you can probably use it. If it does not show up, then go to your finder level and find the original font files for the font or the font family and copy them to the ~library/fonts folder. If you get a dialogue asking if you want to replace duplicate files, I clicked "allow". If you added the fonts in FontBook to the User collection, then you have to add them to ~user/library/fonts. Once I did that, the font showed up in FontBook, as well as automatically updating the list in InDesign.
NOTE: It did not work for me to just add the font files to the ~library/fonts folder, I had to try to add it in FontBook first. Probably has to do with some kind of pointer or something.
If your library folder does not show up, check out: http://www.macworld.com/article/2057221/how-to-view-the-library-folder-in-maveri cks.html
Hope that helps someone with the Mavericks font issue.