I had this same problem after upgrading to Mavericks, and I followed all of the advice here, and nothing helped. I did notice that a lot of the solutions seemed to center around migrated or old system components. I bought a new iMac recently, and migrated all of my information from one iMac to the other. I should have done a clean install of all of my software (I know -- I've been using Macs since the 80s, and I should know better), but I was in the middle of a work deadline when my old iMac was having some serious problems and was heading for the light, and I just needed to get up and running quickly. Then I upgraded to Mavericks, and that's when the problem started.
The user account from my old iMac was still present on my new iMac, even though I wasn't using it. I deleted the account, and made certain to delete the user file in my system folder at the same time. I restarted, and the memory problem seems to have gone away. kern_task is still running high in my activity monitor, but my overall RAM usage is way down, and I'm not getting system error messages anymore that my Mac is running close to capacity. I did have some system files in my old user profile, and I think I may have had some dueling system extensions that were causing the kern-task memory issues.
I had already ordered a 2 tb hard drive for my new Mac when this problem started (I've already maxed out the RAM), and I think it's a good idea to install a higher-capacity hard drive, but deleting the old user profile did solve the problem for me even with my old hard drive.