No, the iPhone has no international warranty, so is valid only for the country of purchase, so if you bought it in Dubai, then warranty is for Dubai only. If the phone were to break, then this goes hand in hand with warranty and because you bought it in Dubai, then an Australian Apple store may not be willing to help you and you will have to take it back to Dubai for help - not postage accepted - you need to post it to a relative or take it back there yourself physically.
Also, only you know if the phone is locked or unlocked - did you ask when you purchased the phone? Did you pay full price for an unlocked phone or was is subsidised and come with a sim card? Only you can answer that question really, depending on what you asked for in the shop when you bought the phone.
Also, be advised that because you bought the phone in Dubai, it may not have FaceTime on it, if this is important to you. FaceTime is banned in Middle Eastern countries by their Governments, so is not on phones that originate from the Middle East and if you have a phone such as this, there is no way to get FaceTime on it ever, unless you buy a new phone.
You perhaps made a mistake buying the phone in Dubai and if you want to use the phone in Australia it might have been better to wait and buy it there. Then you will get warranty and FaceTime and everything and everything will be compatible with the networks out there. You may just have set yourself up for a host of problems by buying the phone in Dubai.
