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How fast should my gigabit ethernet network be?

My house has cat5e cabling and I have a gigabit modem/router and a gigabit switch. If I transfer a large file between one ethernet connected iMac and another, it is about 3 times as slow as transferring the same file to a directly connected Firewire 800 drive. I was thinking that gigabit ethernet would be, if anything, faster, not slower than FW 800. I suspect it's one of those things where the stated speed is only theoretical, but anyway, wondering what is normal to expect. Is my ethernet network going three times slower than Firewire 800 normal, or could something be wrong?


Ultimately, I am looking to install a NAS drive on the network so that both computers can access files, but it won't be so good if the access speed is slow much slower than FW 800, especially as I will be upgrading to USB3, which will be even faster again. Is there a way to have a network drive that is reasonably fast? That is, closer to th stated gigabit speed?

iMac, OS X Mountain Lion

Posted on Jan 5, 2014 10:18 PM

Reply
72 replies

Jan 25, 2014 12:01 AM in response to Mr. Latte

Mr. Latte wrote:


I do see improvement for your 100MB file test:

New iMac to new iMac - 7 seconds


But still I think your new iMacs with SATA3 should be able to do better than that.


My iMacs have the fusion drives. I don't really know how to improve this. I'm getting much better results than I did before, but you are getting way better results. 7 seconds is much better than the 25 I had before, but you are getting 1 second. I'm just jealous. Maybe the new wifi standard ac will be the trick and I can forget about all this wiring. If I find any other info about my situation I will report. My friend promised to come by with some testing gear, so that might be useful info.


Thanks to those who have spent some time here trying to help. I really appreciate it.

Jan 29, 2014 11:02 AM in response to Mr. Latte

I'm back! I just did some more tests with newer computers. New iMac to new iMac through home network is getting about 100 Mbps. In other words, best speed for 100 Mb file is about 7 seconds. Your results are stll way faster.

Mr. Latte wrote:


Results:

- Sending a 104.8MB dmg file would take just about 1.1 seconds.

- Sending a 109.7MB file directory that contains many subdirectories with long filenames and small items would then take about 2 seconds.

Okay, so I tried my 2011 Macbook Pro directly connected to brand new iMac with ethernet cable. Speed was slightly faster, but pretty much the same as before. This shows that the issue has zero to do with my home networking since it's the same with directly connected cables. By the way, I tried more than one cable in case that was the issue. I'm stumped. I will call Apple again to inquire. Sometimes it takes finding the right support person.


Thinking of buying a new AC wifi router to see if that gives better performance. All the reviews tell me that gigabit ethernet is still better than AC, but it might be better than my ethernet as reports are that 300 Mbps is typical and while that is nowhere near gigabit, it's triple what I am getting now.

Jan 29, 2014 11:31 AM in response to Cartoonguy

I do not know if it has been asked, but what file transfer protocol are you using?


AFP (Apple Filing Protocol) file system network sharing, then drag and drop the file

CIFS/SMB (Windows protocol) file system network sharing, then drag and drop the file

ssh/scp (ssh copy) node to node from the command line, or using a GUI utility

sftp (ssh ftp) either from the command line or via a GUI

ftp either from the command line or via a GUI

rsync

rsync over ssh

other


The other thing I would suggest is a larger file so that the transfer times, even on the faster interface you try it will take closer to a minute to transfer. Say something closer to a gigabyte.


The larger file will spend more time transferring data, and less time creating the file and initial allocations.

Jan 29, 2014 10:23 PM in response to BobHarris

Okay, so I have discovered something else which is good, but annoying. The Lan Speed Test utility I was using was totally giving me wrong results. I went back to copying a real 100mb movie file and it copied over in about 1-2 seconds, so exactly what I was looking for. That's how I was doing it before when I had the much slower results, but something has clearly changed with getting the new iMacs to improve that, but this stupid utility was giving me false info. DO NOT EVER USE THIS STUPID UTILITY!!


Okay, so BobHarris asks some good questions which I have no idea how to answer. Why do I care, now that I have the speed I expect? Well, because it is not so simple. When I access a Finder window on the other computer, it often is slow at refreshing and certainly if I reorder the files or search for a file, it can hang the whole Finder. Is this normal? Bob, if you can suggest how these settings you are referring to should be used, that would be great. Thanks.


Otherwise, my problem has been solved, but I don't really know why.

Jan 30, 2014 5:58 AM in response to Cartoonguy

His reply to me was fine. His first paragraph was expressing frustration about a utility. Not at me.


The second paragraph was a polite question to me.


With respect to the finder window, I think this is just because of the Finder asking for the directory, then asking for stat info for each file one network request at a time, then asking to open the icon file for an entry, then reading icon (multiple reads per icon), then close the icon file, wash, rinse, repeat…


With lots of network packets going back and forth per entry in the finder window, and the remote Mac doing lots of little I/O 's to satisfy those requests.


I have always seen remote Finder windows fill slowly even when the 2 Macs are right next to each other connected with a proven fast connection (eg. I discovered what bad cables do for network speed in that setup).


I am glad your seeing good data transfer speeds.


Transferring a large file gets the benefit of disk read ahead, and contiguous storage so the disk does not need to seek. Finder window filling does not really know what to read ahead and does disk seeks like crazy.

Jan 30, 2014 8:45 AM in response to BobHarris

Thank you Bob, and to be clear, you are right. I was expressing frustration with myself for relying on that utility which had nothing to do with you. Indeed I found your question helpful. Sorry, Neville, if there was any question about that because it certainly was not my intention. Glad Bob understood! 🙂 And for the record, I really appreciate your insights on this too, Neville.


So the way you describe it Bob, gives me insight into the complexity of network sharing. Lots of back and forth requests to do what seems like a simple thing. I want to circle right back to my original need in case you have any useful thoughts.


I have a home network with two computers and we both need to share media out of the same folder, so we are sharing the folder off of one computer. I had thought that a shared NAS would be the way to go, but many have warned not to do that as it is fraught with issues. Much more simple to just share the folder between computers. Fine, it works, but while file transfer is just fine (phew!) when I look to the remote computer folder, it seriously lags and even sometimes hangs when I search for a document. These are all Photoshop or Jpeg graphic files and I need to be looking at them in icon view too. It just is very slow to navigate. If the file is there and I want to open it, no problem, but using the remote finder window like it's on my own iMac just does not work the same.


So Bob, or Neville, (or anyone!) if you were setting things up in my house like this, with just two iMacs that need to share stuff, what would you see as the best way to do it? Or, is what I am doing the only way and living with the hiccups is just the way it is. I expect perfection in my Mac in 2014! 😉

Jan 30, 2014 11:56 AM in response to Cartoonguy

Your Mac and your operating system may be from 2014 (2013 for Mavericks), but network file sharing protocols have not changed all that much since the '90s. Yes there have been some incremental changes, but because networking depends on standards that work between different systems from different generations, there are serious negatives to making radical changes to file sharing.

Jan 30, 2014 12:04 PM in response to Cartoonguy

You may wish to try the following Terminal script:


f="/Volumes/HD-1/xx"; t="/Volumes/HD-2"; s=`stat -f%z $f`; a=`date +%s`; cp $f $t-$a; b=`date +%s`; echo $[$s/1000000/($b-$a)] " MB/s"


Instructions:


  1. Set TextEdit Format to Plain Text
  2. Copy the above script to TextEdit
  3. Change HD-1 to the name of the volume where Terminal is
  4. Change HD-2 to the name of a mounted remote volume
  5. Put a large file entitled xx (without an extension) at the root of the Terminal volume
  6. Copy the edited script into a Terminal window
  7. Hit the Return key


Notes:


  1. The script will put a copy of xx at the root of the remote volume and add a time stamp to its name
  2. If you do it too often without removing the copies it may fill your remote volume
  3. The script should write the file copy speed to your Terminal
  4. Integer arithmetic with rounding errors is used so copy a large file taking at least 20 seconds
  5. You may have to disable permissions on the remote volume
  6. Make sure you do not have an existing file or folder entitled xx at the root of either volume as they may be overwritten

How fast should my gigabit ethernet network be?

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