Just to add to the confusion of which apps may, or may not operate after running Monolingual.
The only issue I've ever run across is Adobe Acrobat Professional 7. It ruins that one every time. So if I'm going to run Monolingual (like after a new Combo updater for OS X, or a new large application), I make copies of Acrobat Pro to another partition first. Then copy those back after running Monolingual.
Otherwise, it's never done anything to Photoshop CS2, Illustrator CS, InDesign CS, Office 2004, Quark 6.5 or any of the other myriad applications on my hard drive.
What may be happening to those who find Photoshop and other apps disabled, or the PPC frameworks as Kappy mentioned, is a possible issue under the Architectures tab. For whatever reason, the default for "PowerPC 64-bit" and "PowerPC G5 64-bit" are on. Make sure to turn those off. Also, as Kappy mentioned, make sure
both choices for English are on. Which are "English" and "U.S. English". One is a subset of the other, so both need to be saved.