Just wanted to confirm "cause" in case someone is looking for the root of all of this...
I got myself into the same state as everyone else on this thread, and started down the path with Apple Support (haven't gotten to level 2 yet ;-) ) who had me reset PRAM, re-install OSX, and try a restore from previous time machine back-up, all to no avail.
When I saw your post regarding a parallel's VM, it all clicked. I, similarly, have a vmware VM running OSX that I started up yesterday, and that is when all of the goofiness started for me. I don't think it's a coincidence YFInder! I will run down your list this evening and report back whether it worked for me too. If there's a particular order, or methodology that you would like me to try, let me know.
I also noticed that FaceTime will not call out or receive incoming calls correctly, although there is nothing indicating that it is not functioning properly.