Visited the Apple store yesterday. The tech was familiar with this problem and immediately replaced my phone. There is no workaround. I offered to show him this thread, but he said there was no need. Based on his conversation with other techs, he thinks that it is the way that card is encoded into the chip that is causing the problem. It likely won't be a simple software fix. He also said that they have not received an allotment of refurbished phones, yet. All replacements at this point are new. Not that it would matter. You can't tell the difference on an Apple product, anyway. But, for those of you who think it is important… This should help in your decision whether not to go in and get this taken care of.
A helpful tip: When you get a replacement phone, make sure everything is working properly before you decide to add your cards to ApplePay. For me, I did this as the last step, ensuring all of my music and everything else was working, so that I don't have to perform another restore, thus creating the problem all over again. Don't let them try to talk you into adding your cards there at the store.
It's ridiculous that we have to even worry about this… But keep in mind not every user is having this problem. In fact, my tech told me he performed multiple restores on his iPhone 6+ and never had to exchange it due to the ApplePay problem. He was able to add his cards each time.
Good luck and be sure to continue reporting back here!