Guys, I spent like the whole morning to trouble-shooting this. Having the latest El Capitan (10.11.3 15D21) on MacBook Pro (Retina, 13-inch, Late 2013) with iOS 9.3.1 on iPhone6s Plus. Tried all the tips I can find online. Below is the only 2 steps worked for me.
a. Remove bluetooth plist file - This get my 2 devices working with "Everyone" setting.
- Disable bluetooth
- Delete the com.apple.Bluetooth.plist in /Library/Preferences/
- Enable bluetooth
- May require reboot the iPhone or Mac. However, this doesn't allow me to use the "Contacts Only" setting for AirDrop
b. Sign out iCloud and sign back in - This get my 2 devices worked normal finally
You might need to test out different steps below, because I tried it twice with different sequences and the first time didn't work (first time didn't reboot the devices, also, I signed out iPhone first on first time, also, because my credit card first name, aka iCloud first name, is different from my name in Contacts app, so I changed that before the 2nd time as well, not sure if that played a role...)
- Sign out Mac (delete everything when he asked me)
- Reboot Mac
- Sign out iPhone (delete everything when he asked me)
- Reboot iPhone
- Sign in Mac, and after it's done
- Sign the iPhone back in
For whatever reason, my AirDrop works smoothly as before. My AirDrop stopped working after I got my new iPhone (was an iPhone5), so my best guess is the iCloud setting was messed up. Hope this helped someone. Please comment it worked or not if you tried it. Good luck!