IN SUMMARY: CALL ADOBE. SAY YOUR PRINTING A PDF USING EL CAPITAN, THAT THE IMAGE ON THE DOCUMENT IS LAYERED IT'S AN OLDER DOCUMENT. THEY WILL TELL YOU QUICKLY WHAT TO DO.
you see why I say that if you read the "ins and outs" below, and the possible fixes (and how long fixing it yourself could take - so call them).
you are maybe printing to a toaster (a printer that can't actually do PDF and doesn't have a Poscript(r) processor board built-in. can you log in to your printer shell and type commands?). not that it maybe isn't advanced. if so your document goes through cups, a cups "filter" that converts your document to (postcript) then that to the target format (hpjis or something).
OR - your PDF app is naughty and showing images it fetched from urls that it has not yet verified for (print preview) not including them when you hit print (perhaps the images cannot be converted - if so- try a different image type (ie, .jpeg of a lesser version)
on that note: cups wont work right if you dont have your printer model and options selected *correctly*. (the print preview would be wrong, for example, and at printing time there might be partial but not full conversion ability). re-check your settings for printer.
so it's clear: your printer daemon (cups) is likely converting your PDF that we assume has images in it (though your app may be at fault) and perhaps those images cannot be converted by the print filter to (hpjis) because it does not support conversion of some "new image format"
answer: try exporting to a different file type, opening the file, and printing it. OR. try insuring the images you are using are "more compatible"
i'm unsure why you went in your /Users/ directory deleting Library/ files on "just anybody's advice". i'd UNINSTALL the REINSTALL your app that is used to view and print this PDF, entirely, first. (uninstalling first is important)
so i think i've given many ideas on what to do: check your cups settings, check your image types, print to file then print that file, or export to alternate file type and print that file
the two likely culprits:
0) check options of the subwindow. does it say it's an image? or copyright book cover URL? what is it?
if it's a "multi-layered" PDF image (some PDF will have images several layers, but you need to select which layer will print if for some reason that information has been lost (it should not be lost, but lets assume some converted considered the PDF too old to support))
1) "new image type not supported" that your trying to get printed - which came from another OS. (other OS are always hacking in new incompat. upgraded image formats, ugh). lower the version by re-converting (import and save) images, and importing them into your pdf
2) wrong printer is set in settings, a print job is sent to the printer that the printer cannot handle, or the printer ran out of memory (if your printer requires memory, insure the page fits inside that memory, or "of course!" it wont print fully)
the less likely problem:
3) software pdf app container never gives it's GC (widget, sub-window) content to print facility but gives all else. (another reason that's unlikely: it's apple not xxxx, and you didn't say all documents did this, only that one, so i can assume subwindows do print)
4) check the url and image info - it may be copyright and disallow printing
having rechecked your image and though about that layering i'm going to say: it's the PDF layering. you need to edit the PDF (with a pdf editor or program that can import and edit it) in a way that let's you select which image layer is top to print.
again some PDF will have "technical drawings" that have layers the user mousing the document can uncover with the mouse (ie, an old alternative to making a layer transparent to see what's under it). it's certain to be a problem, such a document, if anything but high quality PDF programs have been handling it (importing it incorrectly, saving it incorrectly, etc). if your using Adobe i'd be surprised it didn't print right. i have to believe somewhere along the line that non-adobe products are involved here causing a layering "which is top" issue or viewing/printing issue.
Apple does buy and work with Adobe, so there shouldn't be a problem with apple's stuff .... but the file is old and things to get depreciated after a very long time. It's possible you need to "convert" (yek!) the file to newer PDF format or remake the file $$$. OR run an older PDF program that still understands that type of file.
sorry that's so long. it's really allot more complicated than that still 🙂