I have the same issue with my iPhone 7 Plus 128GB. I am using it with the Dutch KPN provider.
I can reproduce the issue. I have always used my iphone's (3GS, 4GS, 5S, 6) with folio or wallet cases. This means that when I have to make a phone call dependent on the design of the case the front flap would be on the rear side of the iphone. This had never been a problem for my old iphone's.
The odd thing is that when I am making a phone call with my iPhone 7 Plus in the KAVAJ Dallas case and the flap is behind the rear part of the iPhone 7 plus, the microphone is cutting out and also I sound very muffled to the other party. As soon as I take the iPhone 7 Plus out of the case, the sound quality is much better. I even bought another case (Tech21 Evo Wallet) and the problem was still there. As if the rear microphone is causing a problem. As said before, I have never had this issue before. Not sure whether you are experiencing the problem with or without a case.
I could reproduce the issue with IOS 10.0.2 and 10.0.3, Noice cancellation on/off, a clean restore without using a backup.
I have returned the iPhone 7 plus and asked for a refund. Until they solve this issue I will hold on to my iPhone 6.