Hi -
I am having the EXACT same issue. This all started after I upgraded to Sierra on my home iMac and then my work iMac.
ATT contacted me on Monday, after 1 week into the billing month, saying I had used 75% of my data plan. By Tuesday morning I had used 90%, by noon on Tuesday I was over my limit. They charged me $15 for 1GB Extra which I just exceed Thursday morning. I am not doing anything different on any of my devices. We ALWAYS have rollover data from month to month.
My ATT bill shows my iPhone 6S Plus and iPad pro as using the most massive amounts of data. My Husbands iPad and iPhone and my kids iPhones/iPads are not using heavy amounts of data.
My apps on both my devices don't show that much usage. However, according to my ATT bill I have something connecting at every 3 hours around the clock, each day, transferring massive amounts of data on both devices.
I found a 18 tip article online (http://www.macworld.co.uk/how-to/iphone/how-stop-running-out-mobile-cellular-dat a-iphone-ipad-ios-9-wifi-assist-data-usa…) and did everything it said to do. I made sure wifi assist was off. I deleted apps I don't use. I turned off iCloud drive on all my mobile devices and both my iMacs. Turned off automatic updates and cellular data in iTunes itself. Data roaming off. I removed my Facebook account. Turned off cellular data for Facetime. I turned off cellular data for 90% of my apps and only kept those I always need like messaging and Safari. I turned off iCloud Photo Library and cellular data for Photos. I turned off push notifications for every app that isn't absolutely necessary like mail and messages. I turned off push data for all email accounts. I turned off background APP Refresh. I made sure Wifi is on for home and work. I turned off use Cellular Data for the reading list in Safari.
It looks like from my ATT bill that my data usage has severly decreased on both devices since I turned all of this off, but is still connecting every three hours. However, today at noon there was another half-way large data transfer. I happened to check the iCloud drive in System Preferences on my home iMac this morning and.... it was turned BACK ON. Now, I did not do this as I am trying to conserve my data. I turned it off two days ago. So how and why was is back on???? If you are having the same issue, I would double check it every day for a good week. I can only assume there was some sort of update to the computer that allowed it to turn back on????
I also checked the 2 other accounts I have on my computer and sure enough, my Husband was logged in with his Apple ID and had iCloud Drive turned on (on his laptop as well) and my mother had it turned on too. I deleted both of them from my iMac so it would stop syncing their accounts from my computer to their iPads and iPhones. I turned iCloud Drive off on my Husband's laptop.
My kids also had it turned on on their iMacs which just upgraded to Sierra so I turned it off there as well.
Does anyone know how to stop my phone from automatically using data every three hours??? Now that I'm over my data plan for a second time in three days, I need to conserve it as much as possible while still allowing my messages to come through. Something other than turning off the phone completely or something that I have already tried or turning off cellular all together?
Thanks.
-A VERY unhappy Apple customer.