Does diskutil list show disk0? Here is an example session on an external USB flash drive.
$ sudo gpt destroy /dev/disk1
$ sudo gpt -vv -r show /dev/disk1
gpt show: /dev/disk1: mediasize=16008609792; sectorsize=512; blocks=31266816
gpt show: /dev/disk1: MBR not found at sector 0
start size index contents
0 31266816
$ sudo gpt create /dev/disk1
$ sudo gpt -vv -r show /dev/disk1
gpt show: /dev/disk1: mediasize=16008609792; sectorsize=512; blocks=31266816
gpt show: /dev/disk1: PMBR at sector 0
gpt show: /dev/disk1: Pri GPT at sector 1
gpt show: /dev/disk1: Sec GPT at sector 31266815
start size index contents
0 1 PMBR
1 1 Pri GPT header
2 32 Pri GPT table
34 31266749
31266783 32 Sec GPT table
31266815 1 Sec GPT header
$ sudo gpt add -b 40 -i 1 -s 409600 -t efi /dev/disk1
/dev/disk1s1 added
$ sudo gpt -vv -r show /dev/disk1
gpt show: /dev/disk1: mediasize=16008609792; sectorsize=512; blocks=31266816
gpt show: /dev/disk1: PMBR at sector 0
gpt show: /dev/disk1: Pri GPT at sector 1
gpt show: /dev/disk1: Sec GPT at sector 31266815
start size index contents
0 1 PMBR
1 1 Pri GPT header
2 32 Pri GPT table
34 6
40 409600 1 GPT part - C12A7328-F81F-11D2-BA4B-00A0C93EC93B
409640 30857143
31266783 32 Sec GPT table
31266815 1 Sec GPT header
$ sudo gpt add -b 409640 -i 2 -s 30857143 -t hfs /dev/disk1
/dev/disk1s2 added
$ sudo gpt -vv -r show /dev/disk1
gpt show: /dev/disk1: mediasize=16008609792; sectorsize=512; blocks=31266816
gpt show: /dev/disk1: PMBR at sector 0
gpt show: /dev/disk1: Pri GPT at sector 1
gpt show: /dev/disk1: Sec GPT at sector 31266815
start size index contents
0 1 PMBR
1 1 Pri GPT header
2 32 Pri GPT table
34 6
40 409600 1 GPT part - C12A7328-F81F-11D2-BA4B-00A0C93EC93B
409640 30857143 2 GPT part - 48465300-0000-11AA-AA11-00306543ECAC
31266783 32 Sec GPT table
31266815 1 Sec GPT header
diskutil list disk1
/dev/disk1 (external, physical):
#: TYPE NAME SIZE IDENTIFIER
0: GUID_partition_scheme *16.0 GB disk1
1: EFI EFI 209.7 MB disk1s1
2: Apple_HFS TESTGPT 15.8 GB disk1s2