if i take a screenshot on my iphone will that screenshot picture show up in the screenshot folder on my other devices?

Hi

If you are using My Photo Stream and/or iCloud Photo Library, then a screenshot taken on your iPhone will be synced automatically to iCloud and to any other devices on which those features are also enabled.

More information:

My Photo Stream FAQ - Apple Support

iCloud Photo Library - Apple Support

I have taken many screen shots over the years using assorted iPhones, iPads and Macs. I have never seen any "screen shot folder." Perhaps this folder is a Windows peculiarity (I do not use Windows) or something you personally created.

Anyway, Jonathan UK's response certainly applies. Perhaps you might explain the origins of this folder.