You will need an external drive formatted as GUID and clone software to create the clone. See directions here:
Preparing your backup disk for a backup of macOS | Carbon Copy Cloner | Bombich Software
Software used to Clone:
CarbonCopyClonerhttp://www.bombich.com/download.html (All options are available free for 30 days)
SuperDuper!http://www.shirt-pocket.com/ (Free forever to do an erase and install. Purchased version allows for smart updates and schedules)
SUGGESTIONS FOR EXTERNAL DRIVE
The 3TB or 4TB drive is often the best buy. You can partition large drives to use for multiple purposes.
Check out the Western Digital and Seagate drives. Comes Mac and/or PC. Get the one that is cheapest. Format with Disk Utility to use on the Mac and not use the WD software. Prices vary so check first.
Check the warranty when comparing drives. The longer the warranty the better the drive. Look for a drive with a 2 or 3 yr warranty.
BestBuy, Staples, Office Depot will match Amazon pricing.
Current best buys on Amazon
WD 4TB Black My Passport Portable External Hard Drive - USB 3.0 - WDBYFT0040BBK-WESN
3TB $95.99
4TB $109.99
Comes in colors
http://www.amazon.com/dp/B01LQQH86A/
WD 4TB Elements Portable External Hard Drive - USB 3.0 - WDBU6Y0040BBK-WESN
This drive is smaller and does not need to be plugged in to electrical. Runs off USB
http://www.amazon.com/dp/B017IGERDE/
3TB $88.95
4TB $107.00
WD 4TB My Book Desktop External Hard Drive - USB 3.0 - WDBBGB0040HBK-NESN
http://www.amazon.com/dp/B01LQQHL4E
4TB $97.99
Seagate Backup Plus Slim 2TB Portable External Hard Drive USB 3.0, Black (STDR2000100)
Comes in colors
http://www.amazon.com/dp/B00FRHTSK4
2TB $68.80
4TB $106.99
Seagate Expansion 2TB Portable External Hard Drive USB 3.0 (STEA2000400)
http://www.amazon.com/dp/B017KE8OG0
2TB $69.99
4TB $109.99
Don't get a WD My Cloud drive. Does not work well with clone and Time Machine.
USB 3.0 drives work on USB 2.0 but you do get 2.0 speed. They are cheaper because they are popular PC drives. If you get a new computer you'll get the bump to 3.0 speed. I don’t recommend FW. The newer computers don’t have FW ports. You would need a connector in order to use the drive on a newer computer.