"When you install macOS High Sierra on the Mac volume of a solid-state drive (SSD) or other all-flash storage device, that volume is automatically converted to APFS." <-- not just on install though.
But indeed a mechanical HDD it's better to keep as HFS+ for now - "it it ain't broken, don't fix it", specially if you need the disk for time machine (albeit I have my time machines on dedicated sparse bundles, so the underlying filesystem is a bit irrelevant).
All my systems are SSD nowadays. With 1TB SSD at about €300, even my old Mac mini got upgraded. Hence why I "suspect" that the conversion from HFS to APFS+Case sensitive only happened "in certain beta cases" and only when encryption was enabled, as only my laptop has encryption enabled.