*Attention, I solved the problem!!!*
Hopefully this will fix the problem for someone else too albeit I doubt everyone.
Did you have your iOS devices connected to another Mac or PC before? Did you use the backup on computer feature before rather than iCloud backup?
I connected the iPad Pro that had this problem to my previous Mac, thinking of backing it up there to restore it and then hope it would work on the Macbook Pro where it didn't. I deactivated the computer backup there and activated iCloud backup instead.
I knew that was it...I suspected that could be the problem. Now that the iPad isn't looking for the former computer to backup with...or the computer isn't attempting to back it up...now I can connect it to my new Macbook Pro, it shows it correctly on iTunes and it doesn't give me that silly popup anymore. Finally!
Works fine on both Usb ports on the 2015 Macbook Pro.
I'm not going to activate the computer backups for this device, which I don't want anyway. I like the iCloud backup. I also don't need to sync anything, so I don't guarantee it will work for that. "Prevent syncing" is on in iTunes' settings. I'm not gonna try, and I just don't need it. What I needed is using the iPad as a display with Duet, use it for development in the future (not sure there will be problems there) and most of all CHARGE it via the Macbook. Now it does.
I'm very happy I solved the problem, at least for now, and I hope this can help someone. Apparently the old computer backup set on iTunes messed things up a bit. Eventually not having to backup on computer doesn't force iTunes to attempt to install that piece that won't install. I tried all other solutions to no avail, including the Xcode one and the resets.
Hope this will help somebody else reclaim their devices.