Yes that will work - ideally as mentioned by Grant with a 2.5" to 3.5" adapter. However unless you do something else this SSD despite itself being a SATA III device will be limited to SATA II speed because that is what the speed of the built-in Mac Pro drive bays is.
My experience with similar SATA SSD drives in a Mac Pro is that via SATA II it would deliver about 250MBps whereas via SATA III it would deliver about 450MBps.
It is potentially possible to upgrade the drive bays in a Mac Pro to SATA III but this is probably more money than it justifiable, you would need both a PCIe SATA III controller card and a means of converting the drive bay cables. I have done this myself a long time ago but I bought the stuff second hand and finding in particular the special replaement drive sleds and cables is going to be more difficult these days.
An alternative approach is to mount the same Samsung SATA SSD on a special PCIe adapter card directly - not in one of the drive bays, this would get you SATA III speed. See - https://www.apricorn.com/upgrades/vel-solox2 as one example.
An even faster option is to get not a SATA SSD but instead a PCI M2 AHCI SSD and mount that on a different type of PCIe adapter. See - https://www.angelbird.com/prod/wings-px1-1117/?category=1 as it mentions you need to use an AHCI type SSD for boot support but an NVMe type could be used for data storage only e.g. video editing. These types of SSD could reach about 1500MBps as you can see much faster!
