I also started having these problems a few weeks ago – don't know for sure if it started with a system update. Anyway, I noticed Spotlight was crashing regularly, so I blamed it at first. I'm always a bit wary using Spotlight, and we've never been friends... But as I found myself whipping up Finder windows too often to search for something simple, I thought I'd just dig into this issue and find the cause and maybe a solution. I already re-indexed Spotlight's database to be sure, but it didn't work (of course).
And then I noticed Spotlight isn't the cause – it just suffers from a more deeper problem, while trying to access and preview those darned webloc files and browser's favorites and history! (Switching off Spotlight's Search preferences for web related stuff helps getting it to act properly again.) I quickly also noticed the QuickLook feature and certain Finder's window view options were even crashing the Finder when accessing these resources.
Now, let's have a look at the real problem: those webloc files.
In order to set a better diagnose, I tested another user account on the same system. That user (which I often use for presentations or giving courses) didn't have the problem, so that narrowed possible causes to some specific user component. So reinstalling the system probably won't solve a thing, although a newer system element might be related to the real cause.
While stress-testing it, I even created an almost insolvable situation: I opened a Get Info window for a webloc file, with the Preview section opened, so the Finder crashed. But somehow this window status became permanent, so my Finder couldn't restart anymore ! I couldn't bypass the re-opening of windows anymore, so I had to boot-up from a different disk to delete some SavedState file from my User Library folder...
So I'm pretty sure it is caused by a stingy file or preference in my User Library for my default user. And it's probably a combination of two seemingly unrelated causes (as complex problems often turn out to be).
Hope this helps other to at least be able to use Spotlight again (although without those web resources) and maybe to find the true culprit in this matter.
BTW: I'm also still on Sierra, because I still have to use some pretty old versions of some applications.