Perhaps your company is affected by the same issue as we are experiencing in iOS 12.0.1. There is a problem with OnPrem Exchange profiles and password updates. In this particular iOS 12.0.1 version somehow the password field to update a changed password was removed or no longer available. You can check this in the Settings > Passwords & Accounts > *Exchange account* > tap your e-mail account > see if you can update your password.
If you do not have a password field, you are most probably also affected by this same issue. At the moment this can be fixed by re-enrolling your device via the company activation procedure.
More info from Microsoft about this issue here:
Intune IT151443 Follow-up: iOS 12 Exchange on-prem users are unable to access email on the native mail app
MC151637
Prevent or Fix Issues
Published On : October 18, 2018
We recently posted IT151443 on your Service Health Dashboard. As described in the advisory, Intune introduced a service regression related to iOS 12 or 12.0.1 and modern authorization. While the regression was fixed, any existing iOS 12 or 12.0.1 user prior to the mitigation and meeting the criteria listed below may be unable to send/receive mail using their native email client or experience a new mail authorization flow. If your end users report problems accessing email, you can take action yourself, or you can contact Intune support and we’ll work to guide you through best option for your environment.
How does this affect me?
You may be affected if your end users upgrade to or enroll a new device on iOS 12 or iOS 12.0.1 before this incident was mitigated and use Exchange on-prem or Exchange Online with native mail (the iOS mail app). The Outlook app for iOS is not affected by this regression. Specifically: • If you use Exchange on-prem and are prompted to re-enter your password on email account settings, end users have reported the “re-enter password” option appears to not do anything. You’ll need to take action to unblock your users. • If you use Exchange Online/Office 365 Exchange, your end users may be prompted to enter their credentials. This is a one-time prompt. The password flow may simply be through the standard password prompt, or it may send the end user to a browser asking for credentials. Upon entering user name and password, a prompt will follow to approve permissions to "iOS Accounts". Once the user approves the permissions of the iOS account, their native mail will start syncing. Depending on your configuration, the end user may also be asked for MFA, or other authentication options. While you don’t need to take any action to unblock users, you may experience helpdesk calls related to the new iOS password flow.
What do I need to do?
You have three options if you use Exchange on-prem and end users upgraded to or enrolled iOS 12 or 12.0.1 prior to the mitigation of this incident: 1) Contact Intune Support and we'll apply a fix. Note that the fix will automatically remove and then reapply the email profile but will involve minimal end user involvement. 2) You can recreate the affected users email profile which will require end user involvement similar to the first time email setup on an iPhone. The end user will remove the native email account, and add it back in which will require a password, downloading mail, and contacts. Any unsaved drafts on the phone will not be returned to the device. This option will impact all iOS devices. 3) If you have a small number of impacted users and don’t want to touch their email profiles, you can ask your user to unenroll and re-enroll. Again, please contact support through the additional information link if you have any questions or would like post-incident assistance.