Just for an update. The latest securiry update 2019-001 had the same effect on my Late 2013 Mac Pro as many have reported. I had my computer set for automatic updates, and it froze earlier today. I think it downloaded the update and was just waiting for the restart, and when it did, I got initially the apple with the progress bar underneath on a black background and it froze about 5% into the progress bar when it went to a straight black screen.
I waited for awhile and nothing changed. I remembered older updates not taking this long, so even giving the computer time, there was still no progress. So, finally I did a restart. Andthat's where the problems multiplied. My screen flickered. I have multiple monitors, so I unplugged a few, and that seemed to help a little. After about an hour of troubleshooting, and rebooting into different modes, I finally reloaded the system software using recovery mode.
Following that, and being a glutton for punishment, I tried doing the update again. And had the same problem, only worse. For a small amount of time, I couldn't even boot the computer into different modes. Finally, after zapping the PRAM and getting the computer into recovery mode, an odd thing happened. The screen for updating High Sierra appeared, and finished up.
My guess is that this High Sierra update takes a long time, or is getting stuck. The problem is, because of lack of any indicators on the screen, we just don't know. At least I didn't know. I followed some of the suggestions here, but I felt like I was flying blind. I've done a casual look and there should be a video released by Apple that basically takes someone through what an update feels like nowaday. Will we have black screens to contend with? Yes. Will there be times where the system appears to be hanging or freezing? Yes, and you should probably let it finish. Are the display issues and startup issues real, or are they a symptom of interrupting the update progress? I imagine you can check for sure using the terminal, but my feeling is (and I could be wrong) that the display issues erupted due to me restarting the computer while it might have been updating.
Long story short, the update today was a big pain.