I have tried that, and the permissions for my desktop say I can read and write. But I still can't copy anything from any mounted volumes or disks (if I'm understanding what that means; such a novice, sorry). I hadn't checked earlier, but I am also not able to copy anything from my USB drive.
Just to be sure that I am doing this correctly, after opening the Disk Utility, I clicked on the Repair Disk Permissions button.
When that was finished, I went into the finder, went to Users -> myname -> Desktop, saw that it was there, and used Get Info to look at the permissions, which say I have read and write permissions.
As I say, if that was what I was supposed to do, it did not resolve the problem.
iMac Mac OS X (10.4.9)