I have had this problem for a month or two and thought it was due to System 10.4.9 or 10.4.10 update. Not so!
I reinstalled Tiger and went up through three updates: 10.4.6 combo; 10.4.8 combo; and 10.4.10 combo. After the reinstall I got back my battery warning (Hello, old friend!) at about the '9 minutes remaining' mark I let it run down and, at somewhere close to '0 minutes remaing,' my MacBook went to sleep. After each update, I let the battery run down. Battery warning always came up, MB always went to sleep. So, what did I do differently?
On that last update--10.4.10--(which came up through Software Update) I was shown a Battery Update 1.2 option (
http://docs.info.apple.com/article.html?artnum=305256 ; use this article to see if you already have it installed.) On a hunch, I DID NOT install it (I de-selected it in SW update)
This solution has absolutely worked for me. I have had my MB since 10/13/06. Original battery, Coconut Battery tells me I'm still at 80% current battery capacity, so I have no (apparent) need for the battery update.
If you were as upset as I was at losing work and having to restart and recreate the work, then this is definitely worth the effort. Go from the reinstall to Combo Update 10.4.10 via SW Update and de-select battery update. It even seems to have fixed my intermittent Bluetooth situation (which you can read about elsewhere on these boards.)
Good luck!