David:
Tiger does
b not
need OS 9 installed, nor does any other version of OS X, unless you need to run in the Classic mode from OS X. That's what I find so strange about why the Q drive isn't bootable without it. Do you by any chance have Classic set as a startup item on either Tiger system? (I'm groping...). You can check the Classic Pane of System Preferences to see if it's enabled. I'm running Tiger from the Mac I'm on right now, with no trace of OS 9 on this particular computer. It hasn't had OS 9 installed since before Jaguar was introduced.
A "scratch disk" is a temporary working volume, typically used for heavy-duty Photoshop (PS) or video work. It's basically a clean volume where large, complex files can render without having to compete with the files on the startup drive. It gives complex operations lots of room for input-output, keeping the files from fragmenting and slowing up the process. It's typically used, then cleared for the next use. A scratch disk is like scratch paper, where you might do drafts or calculations to keep the final copy neat and clean... Unless you're doing heavy-duty video (eg: Final Cut Pro, etc.) or PS editing, you don't really need to be concerned about a scratch disk.
I can't say whether or not 30GB will be enough space on the Tiger volume for you (or for anyone else, for that matter). It really depends what you work with, how clean you keep the volume, your set up preferences regarding where you keep your data files, etc. For example, I have over 9GB of music in my iTunes folder and over 5GB of data in my Pictures folder, both of which I keep on my startup drive. If I were to import a two-hour wedding video from my camcorder and open an iMovie project on my startup drive, it would take roughly 35GB of space. If I wanted to make a copy of a 4GB DVD, I'd need at least that much free space for the Mac to create a disk image for Disk Utility to be able to burn it. Moreover, there are five family user accounts on this startup volume, each adding their own stuff to the space requirements. On the other hand, there are folks operating just fine with 10GB and smaller volumes...
Down the line, should you decide to move the OS's on the M volumes around, it would be pretty easy to accomplish. You could copy the OS 9 folders to the OS X volume, and then clone OS X to the larger volume.
Your Q drive may not suffice in the long term for cloning your OSX volume there for "backup", unless you keep your M's startup volume data at less than the size allocated on the Q volumes (currently 9GB).
By rights, your Master drive should be your startup drive, although you can boot and run from the slave without problems. The drive bus gives input-output priority to the Master over the Slave, meaning that when both drives need to access the processor at the same time to read and/or write data, the Slave drive has to defer to the Master for access. Since the OS and its applications are the most critical things running and generally have the most communication with the processor, it's faster/more efficient to have them running from the Master drive. Again, this should only affect things when both drives are being accessed at the same time, like when you open a file on one drive while booted to the other.
Gary