I believe you are in the wrong library folder. After you find Macintosh HD and open it, there are at least 4 folders: Applications, Library, System and User. Do not open that Library folder. Open System and you will find another Library folder. Open that and you should find the PrivateFrameworks folder. Open that, and you should find the MobileDevice.framework file. That is what harryhayes discovered as a quick fix. Move it to the trash, and hopefully Safari will start for you. I did not have to restart the computer.
When moving the MobileDevice.framework file to trash, I initially had some trouble. I couldn't drag it to the trash icon or just click delete. I ended up opening the trash file, and was then able to drag it into the trash. I like someone's idea of keeping a copy of it on the desktop. The best advice was to upgrade from Yosemite to El Capitan, but for now this has saved me for the weekend's work.