Are you asking about backups using Time Machine?
If you delete a photo from your Mac.......at some point in the future......you cannot know exactly when......Time Machine will also delete the photo from the backups. In theory, this will occur when Time Machine needs to make more room for new backups when the space on the backup drive starts to fill up.
So, if you have plenty of free space on the Time Capsule, chances are the deleted photo will stay on the older backups for some time. But, to be safe, it would wise to remember that Time Machine backs up the changes that have occurred on your Mac, so if you delete a file from your Mac, that file will also be deleted from the Time Machine backups.
Another way to say the same thing would be to mention that if you delete a file on your Mac and a copy of that file remains on your Time Machine backups, then you don't really have a backup at all. The term backup assumes that you have two copies of the same file....an "original" and a "second" copy. If you delete the "original" on your Mac, then the "second" copy becomes your "original"......and you have no backup for that file in case the backup drive has a problem.