I reported this to AppleCare 2 months ago, along with screen shots and video of me going from regular screen to full screen then back again, then repeating those steps. The 2nd return to fullscreen produces the anomaly, after which the screen distortion just gets worse. Re-clicking "YouTube" top left corner also makes it worse, but a refresh usually gets me out of trouble. The AppleCare engineers replied to my case, confirming that they recreated the issue. Watch the updates for a fix, they said. No fix yet, and it's a laughably flagrant bug if you spend any time watching YouTube. Safari in Mojave has embarrassed itself with all manner of screen appearance issues.