It appears to me the issue is now resolving for me. I had a large iTunes library file and the media files (with embedded artwork) on an external hard drive. I since discovered that Catalina had created a new Music library file replacing this but on my Mini Mac which the Music app was using (but still pointed to the media files on the external hard drive. I'm not sure why this was causing problems (fact they were on separate drives or something went wrong when the duplicate Music file was created would be two possible reasons). Anyway, I closed the Music app and then reopened holding the alt key down to select the library file to access. I then selected my old iTunes library file on the external drive. A window appeared to ask to save the file to a new Music1 file (because it knew there was already a Music file) but it saved it on my hard drive in the same iTunes folder as all my original iTunes files instead of elsewhere. The Music app eventually opened with a message "loading artwork" on the bottom right of the window. Since then, it has been and is continuing to make good progress loading up my embedded artwork at a rate of about 500 albums an hour. My library is really large so it still has more to go but I am now assuming it will finish uploading all my artwork as described.
I'll then need to see how the App performs but I'm going to wait till the artwork is finished loading to attempt that.
One other thing I did that may or may not have helped with this is prior to the above I moved all of the separate iTunes artwork files out of my original iTunes folder so the Music app would not try to access them because this seemed to be causing some sort of performance problem. All of my artwork should be embedded so this won't make any difference to me but there was some junk in these files where iTunes had imported artwork before I saved embedded artwork.
Hope this helps some of you. I'll plan to post again after this painful process is finished or if new problems arise. Good luck.