We are having same issue and have also done the 'trade up' thing after two days of ownership on my wife's new 11 Pro Max. Here's all the steps we did at Verizon store
- Swapped SIM card and reset the network on my phone
- Swapped SIM card and reset network on the new iPhone 11 Pro Max
- Changed out phones, didn't hear echo at store but tried briefly as the store was closed for the evening and trying to get out so they could close up.
- Tried today and echo back.
Again, only on speaker, volume changing didn't change outcome. No echo on hand holding to ear, no echo through AirPods. One suggestion my son had was to 'detach' the AirPods from the bluetooth options, then reconnect them. Will try this later today.