iCloud pictures are not showing up on my new phone

My phone broke on the first day of my family trip to Florida. Luckily, I️ have everything backed up to my iCloud backups, and I️ pay to have extra storage to contain my 10,000 photos. So when I️ set up my new phone on Thursday, I️ expected it to slowly start to download my photos from my backup, but there has still been nothing. Not a single photo from the backup is on my new phone. It says that photos are turned on to be in the backup in my settings, so why have they not shown up? My old phone is not accessible, as the screen doesn’t turn on at all. How can I️ get my photos to begin downloading from my backup?