Hello ChelseaGeransky,
If I'm understanding you right, iTunes playlists no longer appear on your iPhone even though iTunes shows they are still there. I have some steps you can try that might help resolve this.
Syncing with iTunes is not required when you're using Apple Music since it's designed to automatically sync all of your music between your devices and this includes playlists. You would not be able sync to iTunes like you normally would unless you turn off the option to Sync Library in Apple Music preferences. In fact, if you were to try to sync music to your iPhone with Sync Library enabled on that device you would see a message in iTunes that says "iPhone is using iCloud Music Library". Check to make sure you're signed in with the same Apple ID in iTunes on your Mac and Sync Library is enabled: Turn on Sync Library with Apple Music. Once your playlists have successfully uploaded to iCloud, they should appear under Library > Playlists, on your iPhone just like playlists you created using Apple Music. If you continue to experience the same issue, the steps here might help: If songs are missing from your music library after you turn on Sync Library.
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Take care.
