Spotlight doesn't work correctly even after multiple re-indexing

Ever since the Catalina update, spotlight has not worked correctly. I have re-indexed the database several times, and the outcome is always the same. It works for about 30 seconds, and then it stops. This ONLY happens when I am using the spotlight search bar. Using search from a Finder window works perfectly. I have scoured the internet and tried every troubleshooting technique I could find, to no avail. I have re-indexed all the spotlight databases, both by adding and removing the drives from the spotlight system preferences, and by using terminal commands. Nothing has worked. I also wiped the startup drive clean, re-installed Catalina, and migrated all my apps and files from a Time Machine backup. This did not work either.