Greetings Tmoore85,
Thanks for visiting the Apple Support Communities! It seems your iPhone isn't starting up past the Apple logo, unless you hold a button down, in which case the iPhone starts up to the Restore screen. When you connect your iPhone to your Mac while the restore screen is displayed, your Mac doesn't recognize the iPhone.
Ensure your Mac has the latest software updates, and then attempt to reinstall iOS: If you see the Restore screen on your iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch - Apple Support
If you still see the Restore screen after you restart, you need to reinstall iOS or iPadOS:
- On your Mac, make sure that you’ve installed the latest software updates (including iTunes if you have MacOS Mojave or earlier). Or on your Windows PC, make sure that you’ve installed the latest version of iTunes.
- Connect your device to your computer using the cable that came with your device. You should see this message: "There's a problem with the [your device name] that requires it to be updated or restored."
- Click Update (not Restore) to reinstall iOS or iPadOS and keep your personal data."
To help with your iPhone being unrecognized by your computer, test the behavior while using a different USB cable and USB port on your computer: If your computer doesn't recognize your iPhone, iPad, or iPod - Apple Support
You can see further information for using recovery mode to reinstall iOS when your device doesn't start up past the Apple logo from the following article: If your iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch won't turn on or is frozen - Apple Support
Kind regards.