Recovering some lost “notes”

Hopefully someone can help.

A few days into Lockdown my iPhone broke. I didn’t think twice of taking out the SIM card, popping it into an old iPhone and using that handset for the duration of lockdown. When I did this there was no prompt to back up from an iCloud backup so I just proceeded. Pretty quickly I realised that my messages (text & What’s App) and my notes had reverted back to when I had upgraded from that phone 18 months previously. As my photos seemed to be up to date I wasn’t fussed.

Several months later after lockdown I upgraded to a new iPhone and when installing it asked which iCloud backup to do it from. I did it from the most recent backup so as to keep my most recent photos and information.

I have now realised there is an old note that I had at the start of lockdown with information that I now require. Is there anyway of getting hold of this without sacrificing the updates I have done since given the phone it was made on is broken?

Any help much appreciated!