I stuck this "solution" as a question so it will be visible as a conversation since MANY people have this problem. Also, I went though numerous fixes such as installing new drivers ("software") and all the good advice given, called Apple, etc. Also, my backups wouldn't work. I'm using Mojave on a iMac Pro, HP Printer, but I don't think these matter.
I must note that I don't particularly know why my printer works now. I will tell you what I did, and now it works. I didn't use these new setting before, when it worked (?).
- turned on the printer
- removed and reinserted the USB cable. (I've done this before too but it didn't help)
- went to System Preferences / Printers and Scanners / Print and did the following:
- - clicked on the printer in the column on the left and Reset the Printer System
- - turned on Share This Printer on the Network
- - in Sharing Preferences:
- - - turned on Printer Sharing, though it does say my firewall is blocking it
- - - turned on Bluetooth, though my printer doesn't use Bluetooth
- - set the Default Printer to the Last Printer Used
I'm sure some of these have no effect, but that's what I did in desperation. The overview is that it seems to be a Preferences problem. Perhaps sharing the printer on the network is the important setting. Even the Printer Utility works! Hope it stays; I'm afraid to reboot. I'll let ya know if something comes up.
Perhaps some smart guy can figure out what's going on ...