Factor Reset

Download and build a bootable installer using High Sierra, and use that to erase and re-install.

Click here for how to prepare and build and then boot that bootable installer ➡️ How to create a bootable installer for macOS - Apple Support

Click here for how to erase a Mac ➡️ How to erase an Intel-based Mac - Apple Support

Yosemite OS X 10.10 won’t be able to securely connect to and access other systems using Safari, as Yosemite is just too old. Using High Sierra will have an easier time here, and is the newest macOS software that will boot on that 2010-era MacBook Pro.

What might those problems or errors or diagnostics or misbehaviors be?

What have you tried, when wiping snd re-installing macOS?

Which macOS version are you attempting to re-install? OS X 10.13 High Sierra would be expected.

Using a bootable installer?

If you’re downloading 10.13 High Sierra, use Safari for the download, and not some other browser.

You indicate you keep getting an error, and then a prohibited symbol. What is the text of that error message?

Have you wiped the target disk, selecting GUID (GPT) partitioning and the journaled file system?

Which macOS version are you trying to re-install? macOS 10.13 would be the newest available and permissible choice, for one of the various 2010-era MacBook Pro models.

Are you using a bootable installer? Or some other installation path?

One mistake that can occur here is trying to install macOS onto the installer bootable volume. This can happen more commonly when the internal hard disk drive storage has failed, so only one storage device is visible.

You asked about a factory reset. Which erases all. Now you’re not erasing. Which is it?

Which macOS version are you attempting to install? 10.13?