There is an AppleScript that will find all of the albums a photo is in: How to find out the albums a photo is in: Jacques Rioux's Script, Catalina Version for Photos 5 - Apple Community. The script compiled as an application can be downloaded from this tutorial site: P01 - Applescripts from Photos’ User Tips Compiled as Applications. The first time you run the app Control (right) - click on it and select Open from the contextual menu.
Also the photo being searched can't be in a nested album or folder or a smart album.
You do know that if an photo is in multiple albums and projects it does not take up any additional space on the hard drive, right? The occurrences in multiple locations are only pointers to the one file in the library.
