SPAM texts

No, Apple can’t, and no one else can either. How would you distinguish a spam text from a legitimate text? You can go to Settings/Messages/Unknown & Spam and turn on Filter Unknown Senders. This will put any messages from senders not in your contacts in a separate list. There are also some 3rd party spam filters in the app store that work with varying degrees of success.

Who is your cellular carrier?

They certainly can block SMS and MMS messages that originate from email addresses rather than phone numbers.

Whether they are willing to do so is another matter.

In many cases, the first tier customer service reps you get on the phone may not know that they can do this or how.

If you happen to use AT&T, all customer service and ask them to look up Article 446389 in their system. It explains what they need to do to block all SMS/MMS messages originating from email.

You're not likely to have much luck with them. They don't operate their own network. They're just an MVNO. All they do is resell service they buy in bulk from other carriers.