Performance of SSD disks on Mac Mini M1 per USB 3.2 gen 2

After weeks of trying to find a solution to my performance problem with my Samsung SSD disks (T5 and T7 Touch), it seems that the explanation is the following:


There are two different USB 3.2 gen 2 standard, one is "1x2" the other "2x1".

The Samsung devices require "2x1" which means that they need 2 USB lanes to reach full perfomance.


But the Mac Mini, esp. when the disks are connected to a Thunderbold Dock, only gives ONE lane instead.

This results in the maximum of about 500 MB/s for such disks!


If this is a bug in Big Sur, I strongly urge Apple to fix this and give 2 USB lanes to such SSD drives, or in general USB-C devices!


If this is NOT a bug in Bug Sur, but a hardware problem of the M1, we have a serious problem!


Apple should be more open in explaining the standard used and supported!

The constant habit of just trying to support only their own stuff is annoying!

This will never ever happen, better learn to support standard and work together with other companies!




So, can I get the answer to my above question in this very forum?


Can macOS be fixed to support USB 3.2 gen 1x2 and not only 2x1?

Or is this a hardware problem?


Many thanks


Mac mini, macOS 11.5

Posted on Aug 27, 2021 9:39 AM

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69 replies

Aug 31, 2021 4:40 AM in response to tbirdvet

No thank you. I'm not convinced there's any "poor drive design" based on what's been stated here, just hyped marketing and over-selling by various third parties followed by the usual rumor-mongering and blame gaming.


The USB4 market is still in its infancy and likely to remain that way for at least a year. Apple Thunderbolt works as stated for a limited offering of displays including for Apple's own displays. For all other devices, buyer beware is the best advice IMO.

Aug 31, 2021 12:19 PM in response to Halliday

Not sure what you are trying to tell me ;-)

This topic is about USB 3.1 or 3.2 not anything called "USB4" whatever that may be.


I wrote about existing devices from lots of vendors that perform perfectly well on Windows or non-M1 Macs!

I get 900MB/s from the Samsung T7 Touch on my old Windows PC and it performs the same on non-M1 Macs.


Above, there are answer that are just clearly biased and overly protective towards Apple, which is really not need.

Also, websites and sources got miscredited without reason - other that to remove any shadow from Apple.

I don't believe that this behavior is good for this forum!


Your "dual monitor" may exactly be what is missing from Apple to make those devices to perform better (as before).

I don't know the technical details.


My points simple was, that Apple did NOT communicate their change in the supported devices and techniques, as Apple often does.


And this is simple a bad move from Apple.


But the main point is and was, if this lack of support (be it a bug, an oversight or on purpose) is something that can be fixed in macOS or if this is a hardware problem.


That's all ;-)


Aug 31, 2021 12:25 PM in response to hcsitas

This is really nonsense.


The Samsung devices where tested from myriads of established reviewers and performed very well!


Or do you tihnk the following are "dogy"?


https://www.tomshardware.com/reviews/samsung-t7-portable-ssd-review


https://hothardware.com/reviews/samsung-portable-ssd-t7-review


https://www.storagereview.com/review/samsung-ssd-t7-review


https://www.pcmag.com/reviews/samsung-portable-ssd-t7


And again, Apple should be more verbose, when they drop support for something or mess something up.

Simple thing, or?


Aug 31, 2021 12:40 PM in response to hcsitas

It seems pointless to discuss this with you.


You simply ignore the fact that the same devices perform fine on Windows and non-M1 Macs.


Any Apple customer with a non-M1 Mac and any of those devices with hit a 50% performance loss as soon as they "upgrade" to a M1.


And this is perfectly fine for you?

Apple should not give a warning?

Or better, a fix?


If you indeed think so, I don't really understand why you even reply ;-)


Aug 31, 2021 12:49 PM in response to Halliday

Many thanks!


Your posting contained interesting information.


I never saw a statement from Apple about USB-C connections being USB4 (while dropping support for some older protocols).

Do you have a link?


I just see this from https://www.apple.com/mac-mini/specs/


  • USB 4 (up to 40Gb/s)
  • USB 3.1 Gen 2 (up to 10Gb/s)


Without further explanations.


If you are right, that the USB4 implementation is hardware based and just dropped some of the 3.1 / 3.2 gen 2 protocols without further notice from Apple, any M1 device get's much less interesting for anyone with a serious investment in external drives (like me).


That means, I will not get any additional M1 devices and wait if this get's fixed my M1X or M2.


Thanks for youyr reply!


P.S. It is massively annoying that this forum does not allow to reply to posting!

I again got this: "You’ve exceeded the posting limits. Please try again in a few minutes."

This should really be fixed!


Imagine someone who got 100 answers and he wants to reply to all of them!

He would need days ...

Aug 31, 2021 1:08 PM in response to Forced_to_use_a_username

Forced_to_use_a_username wrote:

Many thanks!

Your posting contained interesting information.

I never saw a statement from Apple about USB-C connections being USB4 (while dropping support for some older protocols).
Do you have a link?

I just see this from https://www.apple.com/mac-mini/specs/

USB 4 (up to 40Gb/s)

That’s the USB-C connectors (“Thunderbolt/USB4”).

USB 3.1 Gen 2 (up to 10Gb/s)

That’s the legacy USB-A connectors.

Without further explanations.

Apple gave you all the information necessary, provided you know how to use that information.


If you are right, that the USB4 implementation is hardware based and just dropped some of the 3.1 / 3.2 gen 2 protocols without further notice from Apple, any M1 device get's much less interesting for anyone with a serious investment in external drives (like me).

So be it.


USB4 is the future.


The rest are legacy, relegated to the past.


That means, I will not get any additional M1 devices and wait if this get's fixed my M1X or M2.

M1X, M2, etc. will continue to support USB4, but will, likely, not support any legacy USB protocols beyond what USB4 already does.


Thanks for youyr reply!

You’re most entirely welcome.


Aug 31, 2021 1:38 PM in response to Forced_to_use_a_username

I’m not responding to every claim or counter-claim other than to address your issue with your Samsung drive’s performance/bug/quirks in their USB implementation. It needs to be directed to them first. If they won’t address it directly or respond comprehensively, which is clearly the case here, you should take it up further with them or await a manufacturer with a product that does that. All the best.

Sep 2, 2021 9:43 AM in response to Forced_to_use_a_username

That, Forced_to_use_a_username, literally, changes nearly nothing, from what I stated concerning the USB-C connectors, that are running USB4. All you need do is look up the USB4 specification.


It does, however, indicate that the USB-A ports are less capable than I thought. (I don’t expect much of such ports anyway.)


When you check the USB4 specification, you will see which “USB 3.1 Gen 2 (up to 10Gb/s)” is supported.

Sep 2, 2021 12:06 PM in response to Halliday

Forced_to_use_a_username:


For the USB4 standard, I recommend the ZIP file found at https://www.usb.org/document-library/usb4tm-specification.


Note: Support for the USB3 protocols is obtained via “tunneling”, just as for a number of other protocols. This can severely limit direct compatibility, especially through intervening non-USB4 devices (such as non-USB4 hubs). In addition, this can mean that the negotiated protocol may well drop down to the common USB2.


I recommend you start at page “-11-“, for an Overview and System Description.

Sep 3, 2021 11:22 AM in response to Forced_to_use_a_username

Why not open a fresh discussion with your disks connected and ready for testing and let’s see where the problem really is. If you’re up to it, be prepared to have an open mind and keep the discussion technical and limited to your particular issue so folks here can help. Think about it. You may not arrive at a solution this way but you might have better information to pursue one. All the best!

Sep 4, 2021 2:42 PM in response to Forced_to_use_a_username

Forced_to_use_a_username wrote:

If the USB4 port are just USB4 and not fully and really capable of the existing USB3 standard, Apple should state that.

Exactly this is, what I am constantly repeating.

But Apple did not make that public, for whatever reasons.

And this proved to make many problems for many customers of them!

You could just as easily blame Samsung and their T7 spec for not specifying that to achieve their claimed transfer speeds, a dual lane USB controller is required, which they make zero mention of. Actually, any SSD vendor could be blamed if they require two lanes to achieve their speed.



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Performance of SSD disks on Mac Mini M1 per USB 3.2 gen 2

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