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Performance of SSD disks on Mac Mini M1 per USB 3.2 gen 2

After weeks of trying to find a solution to my performance problem with my Samsung SSD disks (T5 and T7 Touch), it seems that the explanation is the following:


There are two different USB 3.2 gen 2 standard, one is "1x2" the other "2x1".

The Samsung devices require "2x1" which means that they need 2 USB lanes to reach full perfomance.


But the Mac Mini, esp. when the disks are connected to a Thunderbold Dock, only gives ONE lane instead.

This results in the maximum of about 500 MB/s for such disks!


If this is a bug in Big Sur, I strongly urge Apple to fix this and give 2 USB lanes to such SSD drives, or in general USB-C devices!


If this is NOT a bug in Bug Sur, but a hardware problem of the M1, we have a serious problem!


Apple should be more open in explaining the standard used and supported!

The constant habit of just trying to support only their own stuff is annoying!

This will never ever happen, better learn to support standard and work together with other companies!




So, can I get the answer to my above question in this very forum?


Can macOS be fixed to support USB 3.2 gen 1x2 and not only 2x1?

Or is this a hardware problem?


Many thanks


Mac mini, macOS 11.5

Posted on Aug 27, 2021 9:39 AM

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Posted on Aug 30, 2021 12:49 PM

FWIW, the USB consortium turned USB into a nebulous mess with USB3 and vendors often leave the fine details of the spec out on their specific products. Just USB 3.2 has 4 different flavors. Here is a score card to keep things straight:


They could have specified one 5 Gbps configuration and on 10e Gbps configuration. But nooooo.

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69 replies

Aug 29, 2021 5:33 AM in response to Forced_to_use_a_username

Any speed issues must be related to the M1 design and not Big Sur as Intel machines with Big Sur run fine. I have a Kensington TB dock that supports both TB connections and USB Gen 2 connections. On Intel Mac all ports run to industry specs but with the M1 Mac the USB Gen 2 speeds are slower. If Apple fixes this in the future its anyone's guess. I have converted most of my external drives to TB so the speed issue is gone for me. I have reported this issue to Apple as others have as well several months ago.

Aug 30, 2021 10:13 AM in response to Forced_to_use_a_username

Welcome, Forced_to_use_a_username, to Apple Support Communities!


What are or are not «standard devices using standard protocols» depends, entirely, upon what «standard» one is referring to.


USB4 is a new standard, and it doesn’t even try to promise full backward compatibility with all previous USB standards (let alone their variations).


The only USB4 standard variation that Apple’s USB4 doesn’t support, on the M1, is dual monitor support. (Otherwise, it could qualify for Intel’s Marketing designation of “Thunderbolt4”.)


Going through non-USB4 hubs will, in many cases, decrease compatibilities.


Cables, likewise, can cause compatibility issues. Note: the most universally compatible cables are Intel’s “Thunderbolt4” cables. (More expensive than many others, but can be worthwhile to not have to worry about cable compatibility.)


It may help you to look up the USB4 standard, and see what variations and compatibility modes are claimed to be supported.

Aug 30, 2021 9:27 PM in response to tbirdvet

Well, if you do, please post specifics on your particular issue instead of making broad statements of perceived problems, quoting dodgy internet links and offering sweeping conclusions on M1 design, architecture etc. As of now, the problem seems to be with assorted drives with hyped specs, not the M1. Have a nice day too!

Aug 31, 2021 4:40 AM in response to tbirdvet

No thank you. I'm not convinced there's any "poor drive design" based on what's been stated here, just hyped marketing and over-selling by various third parties followed by the usual rumor-mongering and blame gaming.


The USB4 market is still in its infancy and likely to remain that way for at least a year. Apple Thunderbolt works as stated for a limited offering of displays including for Apple's own displays. For all other devices, buyer beware is the best advice IMO.

Aug 31, 2021 12:19 PM in response to Halliday

Not sure what you are trying to tell me ;-)

This topic is about USB 3.1 or 3.2 not anything called "USB4" whatever that may be.


I wrote about existing devices from lots of vendors that perform perfectly well on Windows or non-M1 Macs!

I get 900MB/s from the Samsung T7 Touch on my old Windows PC and it performs the same on non-M1 Macs.


Above, there are answer that are just clearly biased and overly protective towards Apple, which is really not need.

Also, websites and sources got miscredited without reason - other that to remove any shadow from Apple.

I don't believe that this behavior is good for this forum!


Your "dual monitor" may exactly be what is missing from Apple to make those devices to perform better (as before).

I don't know the technical details.


My points simple was, that Apple did NOT communicate their change in the supported devices and techniques, as Apple often does.


And this is simple a bad move from Apple.


But the main point is and was, if this lack of support (be it a bug, an oversight or on purpose) is something that can be fixed in macOS or if this is a hardware problem.


That's all ;-)


Aug 31, 2021 12:21 PM in response to woodmeister50

Ah, perfect chart, many thanks!


I have no problem with Apple dropping or forgetting support for some devices and protocols!


But I have a problem with the fact that Apple simple stays silent about this and forced myriads of users to guess about the problems, run tests, changes cables, buy new Hub and so on!


This is not in order.


Aug 31, 2021 12:25 PM in response to hcsitas

This is really nonsense.


The Samsung devices where tested from myriads of established reviewers and performed very well!


Or do you tihnk the following are "dogy"?


https://www.tomshardware.com/reviews/samsung-t7-portable-ssd-review


https://hothardware.com/reviews/samsung-portable-ssd-t7-review


https://www.storagereview.com/review/samsung-ssd-t7-review


https://www.pcmag.com/reviews/samsung-portable-ssd-t7


And again, Apple should be more verbose, when they drop support for something or mess something up.

Simple thing, or?


Aug 31, 2021 12:37 PM in response to Forced_to_use_a_username

Forced_to_use_a_username wrote:

Not sure what you are trying to tell me ;-)
This topic is about USB 3.1 or 3.2 not anything called "USB4" whatever that may be.

However, the USB-C connectors on any M1 based Mac are USB4, not «USB 3.1 or 3.2».


I wrote about existing devices from lots of vendors that perform perfectly well on Windows or non-M1 Macs!
I get 900MB/s from the Samsung T7 Touch on my old Windows PC and it performs the same on non-M1 Macs.

Those «Windows or non-M1 Macs» are not using USB4, but earlier USB standards.


Your "dual monitor" may exactly be what is missing from Apple to make those devices to perform better (as before).
I don't know the technical details.

Such have no bearing upon drives, since the «”dual monitor"» support pertains to protocols that have no bearing upon non-display technologies.


My points simple was, that Apple did NOT communicate their change in the supported devices and techniques, as Apple often does.

Apple made it quite clear that the USB-C ports are USB4.


It’s up to the consumer to be aware of what that means.



But the main point is and was, if this lack of support (be it a bug, an oversight or on purpose) is something that can be fixed in macOS or if this is a hardware problem.

That's all ;-)

The move to USB4 is a hardware move, and is unlikely to be reversible via software.

Performance of SSD disks on Mac Mini M1 per USB 3.2 gen 2

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