Can I set up multiple user accounts to share one iphone 13?

It is a lot more complicated than you think it is. If you are not tech-savvy do not even attempt it

Note: All data will be available to you in spite of signing out of the Apple ID and signing in with your Apple ID.

The only possibility that I can see is,

1. Back up your friend's data. Take a backup of the device on iTunes or iCloud.
2. Erase the device. Follow this process --> What to do before you sell, give away, or trade-in your iPhone ...
3. Once erased Sign in with your Apple ID and use the device as long as your friend allows it.
4. Then Take the back of the device on iTunes or iCloud. Ensure the old backup is archived and stored separately
5. Restore the device from the Old backup and hand over the device to your friend.

Now your data is stored separately on a separate backup. Use it whenever you have your device.

Note: If you are not careful, backups will be overwritten and your friend will lose all his data forever.

How to create Multiple Backups for the same device.

1. On iTunes Click on Manage Backups
2. Right Click on a Backup and Click Archive
3. Click Backup Now.
4. You will see a fresh backup will get created See the GIF below

1. Restore from Backup dated (Archived)