Hey OP and whoever who sees this,
I definitely recommend calling your phone provider. Today, resetting network settings on my phone stopped fixing the issue, so I ended up calling my phone service provider. Mine is T-Mobile, and I told them politely about the issue I was having (explaining that with cellular data, I wasn't able to access most apps or sites). Kindness and cheerfulness really is the key to making sure it goes smooth as possible.
The first person on the line just asked me stuff like whether I was the main handler of the account, the apps that it worked or didn't work on. They initially suggested upgrading to a plan, but I replied it wasn't a matter of speed, it was that I couldn't connect to sites, period. Eventually, they asked if I had child's block on it or parental controls, and I answered I didn't. My father, the handler, also wasn't aware of such a thing.
After troubleshooting, they linked me up to tech support. They had me shift the call to a different phone number. I borrowed my sister's phone, they called me on that number immediately, and they had me hang up on my actual phone. They had me turn my phone's airplane mode on for about thirty seconds while they did things on their end, talking through the process.
Loe and behold: for some reason, child's block WAS on my account for some reason. They were able to turn it off.
I definitely suggest kindly getting in touch with your phone service providers. If you guys have T-Mobile, it's possible that this is the issue that's occurring. They mentioned that they've been experiencing a number of customers who had the same issue. Be kind to customer service, and I hope my method helps anyone who finds this thread.