If you are using Monterey, then try using the laptop's charging cable to connect the external drive (users have reported success doing this although the transfers will be extremely slow because the drive will be connecting as USB2). Monterey is known to have some compatibility issues with USB3 drives although the macOS 12.1 update helped many people.
Also try disconnecting all other external devices in case one of them is causing a problem.
What has changed with your computer(s) and this drive since the last time you were able to access the data on the drive?
You should always have frequent and regular backups of your computer and all external media which contains important & unique data. I would also recommend having a spare copy of your data on external media which can be accessed by an device or OS since some backups are tied closely to your particular Mac.