Macbook Pro ShutDown CPU overheating

The report looks good. I don't see any software that would be a concern.

FYI, you actually have a 2013 model MBPro 15" which is known to have GPU issues where Apple at one time offered a free repair program (now long expired). You can try forcing the laptop to use the Intel GPU instead of the discrete NVidia GPU by using gfxCardStatus app.

https://gfx.io/

https://github.com/steveschow/gfxCardStatus

Did the laptop shutdown while booted into Safe Mode? While in Safe Mode macOS will use a much more basic & limited GPU driver so it may not be triggering the GPU failure.

If Safe Mode and the First Aid check did not help or reveal anything, then try reinstalling macOS over top of itself or even better a clean install, but I doubt this is the issue.

I've worked on and repaired Macs for over 20 years and I don't recall any of our organization's Intel Macs ever powering off due to a thermal issue. The Intel Macs will throttle the CPU speed if the laptop's cooling system is unable to keep the temperatures below 100C. With the CPU at idle speeds it is extremely unlikely that the laptop can overheat.

Try running the Apple Diagnostics to see if any hardware issues are detected.

Try booting into Safe Mode to see if the laptop powers off like the normal boot mode. If Safe Mode does not have a problem, then you most likely have an issue with some third party software or possibly a GPU failure which is common with the 15" models (more so for the older models, but I would not discount the possibility for the 2014). To look for possible software issues, run EtreCheck and give it "Full Disk Access" so that the report contains more information which may contain more clues. Post the report here using the "Additional Text" icon which looks like a piece of paper.

If Safe Mode also has the problem, then I would run Disk Utility First Aid on the hidden Container. Within Disk Utility you may need to click "View" and select "Show All Devices" so that the hidden Container appears on the left pane of Disk Utility. Even if First Aid says everything is "Ok" click "Show Details" and scroll back through the report to see if any unfixed errors are listed. If there are any unfixed errors listed, then try running First Aid from Recovery Mode, otherwise you will need to erase the whole physical drive before restoring from a backup or clone (erasing the drive destroys all data on the SSD).

I believe there is a hardware problem with the Logic Board. You can have Apple or an Apple Authorized Service Provider examine the laptop and run their service diagnostics to see if they detect a hardware issue. Apple or the AASP should run the Cooling Diagnostic and Graphic & Display diagnostics if the MRI diagnostic does not detect a problem (Apple tends to just want to run the MRI though).

I know you mentioned Windows is running without issues, but Windows may not be leveraging the hardware to the same extent as macOS does. You can try performing a clean install of macOS by first erasing the whole physical drive and thoroughly testing the laptop before migrating/restoring from a backup and before installing any third party apps. If a clean install of macOS has the same problem, then you have some sort of hardware issue. You can install macOS to a USB3 drive instead if you don't want to go through all the effort with the internal drive.