manage photos

On a Mac you could manage the photos with the Photos.app. It is organising the photos automatically according to many criteria for easy access.

• The photos are organised chronologically acting to the capture date in the Years, Months, Days view.
• The photos are organised according to the location in the Places Map.
• The photos are organised nearly automatically account to the people in the photo.
• The photos are automatically sorted according to the media c+kind - video, Live Photo, Panoramic, Front Camera shots (selfies), etc.
• The photos are scanne automatically for the scene type and objects in them, so you can search for the contents of a photo.

If you want, you can built onto this basic structure your own views with albums, smart albums, and folders, add titles, captions, keywords.

Photos offers also tools to adjust the photos and an interface to call external editors directly from photos.

See: Photos User Guide for Mac - Apple Support

or: New to Photos? Some Considerations on How to Design your First Photos Library in Photos

It's a really vague question. Define "efficiently" and "manage". What kinds of photos? Raws? Jpegs? How many? What do you want to do with them? Just store them? Or edit and share them? Or what?

As Léonie says, Photos is a good place to start, because the price is right and it's already on your machine. If that doesn't meet your needs then if you can clarify what your needs are maybe we can suggest other apps.