Transferring Data

Sure. You should be able to do so with a computer - either a compatible Mac or a Windows PC using iTunes. That's my preferred way. It would be performing a backup of your old device and then you would need to restore the backup to the target device. This works well regardless of the state of the device.

You might try using Quick Start if Bluetooth is working. However, Quick Start can only be accessed when a device comes out of factory conditions, although it is possible to reset to those conditions.

Transfer data from your previous iOS or iPadOS device to your new iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch - Apple Support

If it is not defected to a point where it is unusable, I would recommend backing it up to a computer the traditional way or using an iCloud backup and transferring the data that way.

Here are some useful links:

Use Quick Start to transfer data to a new iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch - Apple Support

Use iCloud to transfer data from your previous iOS or iPadOS device to your new iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch - Apple Support

Use the Finder or iTunes to transfer data from your previous iOS device to your new iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch - Apple Support

Sure.

Backups must occur before catastrophes. So hopefully you backed up your iPhone before it became defective.

Transfer that backup to your new iPhone.